Gyminastics || Parallel Bars ||Horizontal bar

Gyminastics

Gyminastics is a mixture of different events, testing strength, agility, co-ordination and balance. Gymnasts use standard pieces of apparatus on which they perform a series of exercises that are market by judges. Men compete in six events. The rings, pommel horse parallel bars, vault and floor exercises, as well as on the beam and asymmetric bars.

 

Women’s events were introduced in 1928. At international level, the eastern European countries, china, Japan, USSR and USA have dominated the sport in recently year.

Parallel Bars

Parallel bars consist of a steel or cast iron base with uprights and two wooden bars made of natural wood, oval in shape, and reinforced in order to avoid total break The length of the bars should be 3500 mm, width 420-520 mm, and height (including handrails) from the floor shall be 1750 mm. the height of the bars (up to 1750 mm ) shall be adjustable in steps of 50 mm and without possibility of unintended change during use .to avoid injury, handrails should not have straight surface and edges where they are fixed to uprights. The linear foot connector girders should not have exposed sharp edges. Advice consist of two boards, or mats be provided to avoid injury form hitting the cross bars when swinging forward or backward.

The parallel bars should be stable enough and uprights must prevent vibrations during an exercise .On placing weight of 135 kg in middle of each bar, it should cause sag of 60 mm with a tolerance of 6 mm up or down on removal of the weight, it must resume its original shape.

Horizontal bar

 A horizontal bar consists of a bar of stainless steel 28 mm diameter and 2400 mm in length (2 mm between supporting points). Uprights made of steel pipes, steel wires, floor anchors and chains made of steel.

The uprights should be of 50-60 mm in diameter and the material used should have 3 mm thickness. Tension locks, tension tester and chain shall be made of zinced steel. The tension wire shall be of steel sire with 5-6 diameters. The height of the horizontal bar shall be 2550 mm with an additional height adjustment of 4X50 mm, with double tightening arrangements. The support of the bar on the uprights shall be given in such a way that bar can swing in all directions without obstacle and noise.

On placing a weight of 2220 kg in the centre of the bar n tension position (at a height of 2550 mm), it must produce a sag 100 mm with a tolerance of 10 mm. On removal of the weight, it must resume its original shape. The other parts of the horizontal bar should also be tested under a weight of 800 kg.

Rings

Ring consists of a stand made of steel tubes, steel chains, leather straps , tension locks and wires made of steel and two rings made of natural laminated wood with reinforcements to avoid breaks , or hygroscopic synthetic material of same characteristics.

The steel tubes of the stands should be round in shape with at least 70 mm diameter. The frame should have conical inward shape from the band upwards and the tubing downwards should also show slightly inward going shape beginning at the band. The tension wire should be of steel k, with a lack and 5-6 mm diameter. A supplementary tension arrangement can be provided at the bends of frame and also locks arrangements with each tension wire should be made. The wires containing rings and leather straps should be directly under the having point, adjustable height regulator near the revolving point.

The leather straps should be made of best quality leather or equivalent material sewn together at both the ends, its length should be 700 mm, width 365 mm and 4 mm thickness.

 Pommel horse

 Pommel horse consists of steel metal base, horse body covered with leather / synthetic material and wooden / synthetic grips.

The cover should be either of cow hide leather or of tear proof artificial leather with same prosperities of cow hide .The cover should be tightly fit, resistant, with good grip, In case pommels are made of synthetic material it should contain properties like sock, resistant, sweat absorbing, unchangeable in shape and weather resistant. The distance between pommels should be at least 400-450 mm, The base of the pommel horse should be stable, free from vibration, with 1100 mm height 9 form floor to horse body ). The height of the pommels should be 120 mm. the horse body should be 1600 mm in length and 350 mm in width. An anchoring device to the floor must be provided and metal parts of the pommel horse can be painted with any color.

Beat board (spring board)

 The beat board is made of laminated wood with springs inside for providing greatest possible elasticity. The underside of the board should be glide-proof. The top surface of the board should be covered with a non-slip material along with an elastic layer under the cover. The board should be of 1200 mm in length, 600 mm in width and 150 mm in height (maximum)

For testing the elasticity of apparatus a weight of 600 kg can be placed at the highest point of the board at a distance of 300 mm from the front edge. The pressure should be able to lower the laminated upper piece up to 82 mm with a tolerance of +5 mm. On removing the weight the board must come back to its original positions.

Vaulting horse

The base of the vaulting horse in made of steel / metal and the horse body is covered with leather/ synthetic material having good grip, tightly fit to the horse body. The base should be stable and free from vibration. Arrangements for anchoring to floor must be made. The metal parts of the horse can be painted in color.

The height of the vaulting horse should be adjustable between 1100-1500 mm in the intervals of 50 mm. The height required for man is 1350 mm & 1200 mm for women. The length of the vaulting horse should be 1600 mm.

The pommel horse can be also used as vaulting horse (for training purposes). Provided the holes are covered, so that it cannot cause injury.

Balancing beam

The balancing beam consists of a steel base , and a 5000 mm long and 100 mm wide beam. The height of  the beam should be adjustable between 700-1200 mm in steps of 50 mm, The top of the beam should be covered with a elastic and hard layer material of 12 mm thickness. The whole beam shall be covered with a tear- proof, hydro colic material having good grip. The cover must be even and tightly fixed.

The beam should rest on 4 struts ( 2 on each side ) so that apparatus is stable. The balancing beam should be stale enough so that it does not vibrate during use.

Uneven bars

 Uneven bars consist of two pairs of uprights made of steel, wooden bars, steel foot pieces and tension wires.

The bar should be 2400 mm long with a tolerance of 5 mm and 42/48 mm profile. The bar shall be made of wood with inserted reinforcement to prevent break. The height of the bars from the floor should be 1500 m and 2300 mm The width of the bar should be adjustable by device, which is fixed in such a manner that it does no effect the performance of the gymnast. The support of the bar on the uprights should be so that the bar can swing in any direction. The uprights should be of 50-60 mm diameter and 0 mm thickness.

 The apparatus should be pre-tension. To know the degree of tension a device should be mounted on one of the four chains the apparatus should have arrangements to adjust the pre-tension as per the wishes of gymnasts, easily and quickly.

Landing mats

The landing mats are kept near the gymnastic apparatus to protect the gymnast from injury. The mats are usually made of foam, sponge or rubberized foam with canvas cover. The cover should be non slip and no wrinkles may arise in landing on the apparatus without any gap in the length of the mat shall be 2000 mm, width 1250 mm and thickness between 60-180 mm ( as per required thickness).