Community Health Centers in India

 

Following community health care services are engaged at national and international levels for the betterment of community health.

1.     Municipal Corporation.

2.     Government Hospitals.

3.     Central Government Health Service (CGHS).

4.     Employee’s State Insurance Hospitals (ESI Hospitals)

5.     Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) Programmed;

6.     National Malaria Eradication Programmed (NMEP).

7.     National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD).

8.     World Health Organisation (WHO).

Community Health Centers (CHCs) and Primary Health Centers (PHCs) offer health education and provide vaccination and treatment of common diseases.

Conditions Essential for Good Health

To keep our good health, the following conditions are quite essential.

1.     Nutrition (proper diet).The process of procurement of substances (nutrients) necessary for growth. Development, maintenance and activities of a living organism, is called nutrition. We obtain food from various plant and animal resources. We need food for keeping us health and obtain food from various plant and animal resources. We need food for keeping us healthy and energetic. We require energy for doing our daily activities  Indeed our different organ systems need energy for doing their specific functions, e.g. pumping of heart, nerve conduction breathing, muscular activity, etc. we consume energy even while sleeping energy requirements depend on individual, age  and special need. For example, growing children pregnant women and nourishing mother’s need more energy requirement varies with age, weight and occupation in humans (Recommended dietary allowances for the Indians as per ICMR or Indian Council for Medical Research).

 

 

Group	Particulars	Body weight	Net Weight	Protein	Fat	Calcium	Iron
		Kg.	Kcal/d	G/d	G/d	Mg/d	Mg/d
Man	Sedentary work		2425
	Moderate Work	60	2875	60	20	400	28
	Heavy work		3800
Women	Sedentary work		1874
	Moderate Work	50	2225	50	20	400	30
	Heavy work		2925	50	20	400	30
	Pregnant Woman Location		+300	+15	30	1000	38

 

G/d = perms per day

For keeping good health, one should eat clean and hygienic food the various food materials such as fruits and vegetable should be washed properly with clean water before eating or cooking. This is necessary because fruits and vegetables brought from the market usually have a coating of poisonous chemicals called pesticides. They may also carry some microorganisms (bacteria, fungi) and worms or their eggs. Proper washing of fruits and vegetables removes all these harmful chemicals, etc, They washed fruits and vegetables should be stored in a clean cool, dry, fly-proof and dust proof place to prevent their spoilage. One should also protect these items from the cockroaches.

2.     Personal and domestic hygiene. For Keeping good health one should maintain personal hygiene such as taking bath regularly with soap and water , changing clothe regularly and washing hands properly before taking meals one should also do brushing and flossing of the teeth and cleaning of tongue daily to check one’s foul breath. If we do not bath every day or change clothes every day then due to dirty conditions, the growth of microorganisms takes place due to which our body as well as clothes begins to give foul smell. These Microorganisms may cause many diseases particularly those related to the skin and genital organs. It is also very important to wash every time after visiting toilet or before eating the food. Unwashed and dirty hands lead to much disease. Cutting nails regularly is also necessary, since pathogens along with dirt tend to accumulate beneath the unkempt nails and may spoil the food items (during feeding).

 

For keeping good health, one should also take care of domestic hygiene. Domestic hygiene includes good habits of cooking food, storing food and keeping the house neat and clean. The kitchen as well as toilet, both should be kept clean and dry to check the growth of pathogenic microbes. Further, since microorganisms can infect and spoil our food. The utensils used for cooking the food should be clean. Our food should be fresh and kept away from dust, files, insects and microbes to avoid any infection and spoilage. It is most important that food should be cooked with good feelings (i.e. with happy mood) and cheerful state.

 

3.     Proper habits. For keeping good health. We should avoid bad habits of chewing tobacco and smoking tobacco in the form of cigarette, beedi and hooka. Drinking alcohol in the form of wine, whisky, beer of country-made liquor can taking narcotic drugs are also bad habits which should be avoided for keeping good health. These Substances and be addictive and have a severe damaging effect on the mind and body of the person concerned fore .Smoking tobacco lead to a higher risk of  cancer and heart diseases to the person concerned and tobacco chewing can lead to oral cancer .Drinking alcohol reduces the alertness of mind and makes the brain dull. Excessive use of alcohol damages liver and can prove fatal. The use of narcotic drugs such as heroin and morphine (both are derived from opium), Cocaine (it is derived from coca leaves), marijuana (also called bhang, cannabis or hashish), LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) can, cause many physical and mental diseases such as damage to the eyes and hearing capacity of ears. They also damage nervous system and cardiovascular system.

4.     Exercise and relaxation. Regular exercise such as yoga, morning walk or jogging ,cycling ,etc. is also necessary to keep one’s body and mind fit) These exercise very with age, physical condition and nature of work of the individual. Though exercise is necessary for all people but it is more important for sedentary workers (the persons who work mostly sitting).Another aspect of health is regular sleep and relaxation. The duration of sleep is enough. But this sleep should be regular, adequate and undisturbed .Proper relaxation or recreation is also necessary to get relief from the strain of everyday life and keep good mental health. Relaxation improves the capacity to work Relaxation may be defined as an activity or recreation which provides a relief or diversion from work or effort. There are various ways of relaxation Yoga and meditation relaxes the body and mind. Listening to music watching television and reading magazines are also relaxing